LLM

An LLM (Large Language Model) is a type of artificial intelligence model trained on vast corpora of text and capable of understanding and generating natural language. Such models are the foundation of modern conversational assistants like ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini, and they belong to the field of natural language processing.

How an LLM works

Most contemporary LLMs are built on the transformer architecture and its attention mechanism, which lets the model weigh the importance of individual words within the context of the whole passage. Text is split into tokens — fragments of words — and the model learns to predict the most likely next token given the preceding ones. The model's knowledge is stored in billions of parameters whose values are set during an expensive training run over data from the internet, books and other sources. It is worth stressing that an LLM does not "know" anything in the human sense — it operates on statistical relationships between tokens, which explains both its linguistic fluency and its tendency to hallucinate, that is, to generate untrue content.

Practical application

LLMs are used in chatbots and assistants, content generation and editing, translation, document summarization, developer coding support and next-generation search engines. Answer quality depends heavily on how the prompt is phrased, which is why the skill of writing precise instructions has become a discipline of its own.

Increasingly, models are multimodal — beyond text they process images, audio and video. In an SEO context, the rise of LLMs is changing how people find information: model-generated answers such as AI Overviews appear directly in search results, reshaping strategies for content visibility.